2026

Master's thesis

Breaking norms?!

Breaking norms?!

Breaking norms?!

A theoretical examination of the potential of scandals for societal transformations. In addition, a discussion of the strategies and mechanisms that lead to more constructive scandals.

Thesis

research

Theory

Transformation

potentials unlocked

Society

Team

Alexandra Heider

Supervisors

Prof. Gerhard Buurman & Romas Stukenberg

Roles

Research, Concept, Strategy

How could mechanisms of scandal and outrage be strategically used for social transformations?

How could mechanisms of scandal and outrage be strategically used for social transformations?

How could mechanisms of scandal and outrage be strategically used for social transformations?

Context

  • Outrage is everywhere – is there anything good about it?

  • Scandals are complex and can lead to important changes – if used wisely.

Approach

We examined the current state of research on scandals, for example:

  • How they work

  • Historical events that led to reforms and changes

  • Different theories and perspectives on scandals

  • What social media changes

  • Tilting points between "empty" scandals and constructive ones

  • People's opinions


After analyzing the mechanisms behind scandals, we developed a comprehensive model and made this knowledge available in the form of a handbook.

Outcome

A handbook made of two parts:

  1. Theoretical section – The typology of the scandal

  2. Action section – A thought-provoking section offering strategies, mechanisms and techniques for potential scandal-makers, taking into account what it takes to create constructive scandals


In addition: a digital feature for reflection that challenges seemingly ordinary topics that are actually scandalous.

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